Croissants Part III: Goat's cheese, olive and thyme croissants

I can’t wait to be 90. I really can’t. Assuming that I make it that far (with all my faculties intact!) and that the retirement age hasn’t been raised to 126 by then – admittedly, both fairly big assumptions to make - my plan is to sit at home all day watching Christmas films (even if it’s mid-summer. That’s right, ‘Elf’ in June. Just try to stop me, I‘ll be 90, like I'll care), sipping on endless cups of tea and making my way through as many slices of cakeage a day as I can manage (what is it with getting older and eating cake? They just seem to come hand in hand).

Honestly, sometimes I wonder if I’m already a 90 year-old stuck in a younger person’s body, particularly when it comes to my sweet tooth. It knows no bounds. Take today: thus far my nutritional intake has consisted of biscuits, caramel popcorn, a few token pieces of fruit and an obscene amount of chocolate. And this is no exception, I’ve always been this way: I end every single day, without fail, with something sweet; I choose - and reject - restaurants based on their dessert menus; and once, during a meal at an all-you-can-eat buffet restaurant, I actually started with dessert - a hefty slice of double chocolate fudge cake.

How I have survived this long without needing any fillings is beyond me. No doubt I will get my comeuppance one day, but I figure at that point the inner nonagenarian in me will simply embrace dentures. As long as I can still manage a slab of cake, it’s all good right?

And yet, recently strange goings-on seem to be afoot. I have a new-found love you see... goat’s cheese. I am freaking obsessed with the stuff and my love for it is so far-reaching that after almost two years of blogging only about sugary baked goodness – cue fanfare - I am finally posting a savoury bake! Yip, told you, strange happenings indeedy.

I don’t know if this will set a precedent on ‘A Cup of Tea Solves Everything’ - there are far too many cookie, cake, chocolate and biscuit baking ideas running around in that tiny little mind of mine – but for now, let’s take a moment to enjoy this post in all its glory, because believe me, these croissants truly are glorious. Even people who were sceptical about goat’s cheese loved them, that’s how good they are. And if you think your own taste-testers might be put off by the filling, do what I did and don’t tell them what's inside until after they’ve eaten the croissants. By that time I promise you, they’ll be hooked.

Makes 20-24 large croissants

Technical Notes:

• The croissant dough I've used is the same one I used in my Bourke St Bakery croissants post but I have reduced the amount of sugar in the dough to account for this being a savoury bake.
• If you’re not sure about goat’s cheese, you could substitute it for any other soft cheese really (Roule, Boursin, Philadelphia), but if you get a really mild goat’s cheese, trust me, it's so creamy, it works perfectly with the Kalamata olives and thyme!
• You can egg-wash your croissants just the once - after proving, before they go in the oven - but I do it twice: once immediately prior to proving and once after, and I would highly recommend you do the same. It gives the pastries a much deeper golden colour once baked.
• If you haven’t made croissants before, the two pieces of advice I would give you are: allow yourself plenty of time to make them; and don’t be afraid – they’re time-consuming but not difficult, and so completely and utterly worth it.

Ingredients (croissant dough recipe adapted from Bourke St Bakery)

Ferment (this is a small amount of dough that needs to be made first and will help your croissant dough develop and rise):

• 100g plain flour
• 55ml whole milk
• 5g (or 1 tsp) brown sugar
• A pinch of salt
• 5g fresh yeast (I bought mine from the bakery counter at Tesco.  Alternatively, use 1 tsp dried instant yeast)
• 20g unsalted butter, softened

Dough (chill everything in the fridge before you start making the dough, including the flour and sugar):

• 935g strong white flour
• 500ml whole milk
• 25g brown sugar
• 15g salt
• 35g fresh yeast (or 2 tsp dried instant yeast)
• Plus 500g unsalted butter, for laminating (the rolling and folding process for the dough) - use good quality French butter if you can, it makes a difference

For the filling:

• 450g soft, mild goats' cheese
• 150g Kalamata olives, pitted and chopped roughly
• Thyme leaves (the quantity depends on your personal preference but I probably stripped the leaves from about 20 sprigs for my filling)

Egg wash:

• 1 egg
• 80ml milk
• Pinch of salt
• Thyme leaves

To make the ferment

You can make the ferment up to three days in advance of using it and just store it in the fridge in the meantime.  At the very least it needs to rest in the fridge for two hours, or even overnight, before being used to make your dough.

Put all of the ferment ingredients into a bowl and, using your hands, bring the ingredients together until they begin to form a dough ball.  Remove the ball from the bowl and knead it for 10 minutes on a clean surface, until you have a smooth, elastic dough.

If using an electric mixer, put all the ingredients into your mixer bowl and process on a low speed for 3-5 minutes, until you have a smooth, elastic dough.

Once you have your elastic dough (using either method), shape it into a ball and leave in a bowl at room temperature for 2 hours, then cover the bowl with clingfilm and refrigerate for a minimum of two hours or until ready to use.

To make the croissant dough

Once you've made the dough, like the ferment, it needs to rest for at least two hours, or preferably overnight, before it is laminated and shaped so take this into account with your baking. You could make it the same day as the ferment, but you can only do so once your ferment has chilled in the fridge for a couple of hours.

If using an electric mixer, put the flour, milk, sugar, salt, yeast and your chilled ferment in the bowl of a mixer fitted with a dough hook (note, the butter for laminating should not be added here!) Process on a low speed for 3-4 minutes, then increase the speed to high and mix for a further 2 minutes.

If making by hand, bring the ingredients together in a bowl first and then knead by hand on a clean surface for 10-15 minutes, until you have a smooth, elastic dough.

Gather the dough into a ball, put it into a clean plastic bag and refrigerate for at least 2 hours, or preferably overnight.

Laminating the dough

Laminating and shaping the dough will take about five or so hours in total, including rest periods for the dough.

Remove dough from the fridge, together with the butter – both should be about the same temperature.

Put the butter between two sheets of baking paper and use a rolling pin to gently pound the butter into a 20cm square about 1cm thick.

Using a lightly floured rolling pin (or even better, a silicone rolling pin - trust me, this makes life so much easier!), roll the dough out into a 20 x 40 cm rectangle.  Remove the butter from between the baking paper and place it in the centre of the dough, then fold the two sides of pastry over the top of the butter, pinching them together at the ends and all along the seams to ensure the butter is completely enclosed in the pastry.

Next, carefully roll the pastry out again, this time into a rectangle about 20 x 90 cm.  Fold one 20cm end of the rectangle in by one third, then fold the other 20cm end over the top (like folding a letter) so the dough is now 20 x 30 cm.  Put your dough back in its plastic bag, (or wrap it in clingfilm), place it on a tray and refrigerate for 20 minutes to allow the gluten to relax.

Repeat this rolling and folding process two more times, ensuring that before rolling the pastry for the second and third time, you rotate it by 90 degrees (so that the dough is rolled in a different direction to the previous fold as this is how you create the flaky layers of pastry), and that you rest the dough in the fridge again (in its plastic bag) for 20 minutes after each of the second and third ‘turns’ (folding and rolling).

Making the filling

Whilst the dough is resting in the fridge for the final time, make the filling by tipping the goat's cheese, chopped olives and thyme leaves into a bowl and stirring together to incorporate.

Shaping and filling the dough

Once the dough has had its third and final 20 minute rest in the fridge, roll it into a 25 x 120 cm rectangle.  This can take some effort as the dough will resist being rolled out, but persist, you’ll get there.  Use a light sprinkle of flour to patch up areas where there may be butter poking out while you roll.

Using a ruler, along the bottom long side of your rectangle, use a knife to make a small cut every 9cm.  Across the top long side of your rectangle, first make a small incision at 4.5cm and then at every 9cm after that, so that the top incisions are directly in the middle of the ones across the bottom.

Line your ruler up between the first bottom incision and the first top incision. Use a knife to cut along the line.  Then rule from that same top incision to the next bottom incision and cut along that line so that you have cut out triangle.  Continue all the way along the pastry with the remaining incisions.  You’ll end up with about 24 triangles, plus two half triangles (ball these together and keep the dough ball in a small bag in the fridge, you may want it when filling the croissants).

Stack the triangles on a tray lined with baking paper, cover lightly with a clean tea towel and put in the fridge to rest for about 10-20 minutes.

Remove from the fridge and, working one triangle at a time, make a small incision at the mid-point of each triangle’s base.  Gently pull the two corners of pastry that are either side of your incision outwards and pull the tip of the triangle upwards to elongate it as much as possible.

Place a heaped teaspoon of the goat's cheese filling at the base of the triangle, just above the incision.  If you're worried about the filling leaking out, this where your leftover dough can be used: take a small amount and roll two thin sausage shapes, no more than 2cm in length. Place one each side of the filling to act as a sort of cushion.

Now roll the base of the croissant up over the filling and then continue to roll towards the tip of the triangle, stretching the tip out further as you get closer to it.  Once the triangle is fully rolled, press the tip into the croissant to secure, and place the croissant, tip-side down, back onto the tray lined with baking paper. Repeat with remaining triangles, spacing them well apart on the tray (I place 5-6 croissants max on each tray).

If you want to, you can now prove the croissants immediately for baking, or cover them with a clean tea towel and refrigerate overnight for proving and baking the following day. Alternatively freeze for later use.

Proving and baking

Before the croissants can be baked, they need to prove (or rise). If they’ve been in the fridge overnight, remove them from the fridge.

Make your egg wash by beating the egg, milk and salt together in a bowl. With a pastry brush, brush the wash over each croissant then cover them with a fresh, damp tea towel and leave them in a warm place for 2 – 2.5 hours until they have more or less doubled in size (if you are proving straight away after rolling i.e. your croissants are not chilled, you will need only 1.5 – 2 hours for proving. If proving croissants from frozen, prove for 2.5 - 3 hours).

Once the croissants are almost at the end of their proving time, preheat your oven on as high a temperature as it will go.

At the end of the proving time, brush the croissants again with the egg wash, sprinkle with a few thyme leave and place in the oven, reducing the temperature immediately to 190C (175C for a fan oven).

Bake for 19-20 minutes, until they are a beautiful golden colour (they should almost look burnt.  The further baked they are, the more they will rise and the better the layers of flakiness). Remove from the oven and allow to cool slightly before eating.

Croissants Part II: Pain au chocolat aux pistaches (Twice-baked chocolate and pistachio croissants)

If I lived in China, it seems I would be labelled a ‘Leftover Woman’.  That's right, a leftover woman: a woman who is over the age of 27 and unwed.  According to an article in the BBC, the Chinese government stigmatises such women for being ‘so old’ and still unmarried, encouraging them to marry as quickly as possible because apparently, as one article published a couple of years ago by the Chinese media so kindly put it, “…as [unmarried] women age, they are worth less and less."  Gee, I feel so great about myself now!

Let’s be honest, such pressures on women to marry aren’t limited to just China.  Perhaps they are not so overt in other countries and cultures as to be stigmas that are actively promulgated by national governments, but they still exist.  Here in the Western world, no one thinks twice about referring to unmarried women rather unflatteringly as 'old maids', and even though I’m not aware of a term for it in my own Pakistani culture, I know only too well that a woman can be as educated and professionally successful as she pleases, but past the age of about 30 those successes matter little if she's not married.

Don’t panic, this blog is not about to become a soapbox for my political or social views!  It’s still all about the cakeage I thank you, please, thank you very much!  What I would like to say though is: are leftovers always such a bad thing?  What about sandwiches made from leftover roast lamb or a breakfast of leftover pizza from the night before?  Be it leftover food or ‘leftover’ women, perhaps in both cases, its value is being underestimated?

Take these croissants. Formerly they were my Bourke Street Bakery croissants; delicious the day they were baked, fresh out of the oven, but as tends to happen with croissants, by day two, they’d gone stale.  And yet did I write them off as worthless?  No ma’am!  I took the stale ‘leftovers’, gave them a bit of tender loving care and look what happened, they transformed into by far the most delicious croissants I’ve ever eaten; even more decadent, buttery and yum-some than they had been the day before.  These twice-baked chocolate and pistachio croissants were in fact so delicious that a friend of mine beseeched me not to share the recipe on this blog and, instead, get rich from baking and selling these babies.  However - call me altruistic - I felt I just couldn’t deny you of them.  Once you’ve tried them, I think you’ll find yourself agreeing with me - sometimes not only do leftovers deserve a second chance, they can actually be far superior to their previous, ‘younger’ incarnations.

P.S. These croissants are rich (I found half a croissant was more than enough for me and I can pack away my cake!) so either share the love and/or run around the blocks a few times afterwards, okay?

P.P.S. You don't have to make your own croissants at home to make these; this recipe can be used just as easily with shop-bought croissants that remain uneaten the day after purchase.  They'll still be twice-baked - once by the producers and the second time by you!

Makes 12 large Pains au chocolat aux pistaches

• 12 large plain croissants, one day-old (homemade or good quality shop-bought)

For the syrup*:

• 50g caster sugar
• 450ml water
• ½ vanilla pod
• 120ml fresh orange juice

For the pistachio cream*:

• 200g caster sugar
• 200g whole pistachios (this should be their weight after shelling. If you would prefer to make chocolate and almond croissants, replace the pistachios with 200g ground almonds and ½ tsp almond extract)
• 200g unsalted butter, diced
• 2 large eggs
• Plus 200g plain chocolate (40% cocoa), broken into large pieces
• And 40g chopped pistachios (or flaked almonds if making chocolate and almond croissants)
• Icing sugar for dusting

*Both the syrup and the cream can be made a day in advance and kept in airtight containers in the fridge.

To make the syrup, combine the sugar and water in a small saucepan. Split your half of a vanilla pod with a sharp small knife and scrape the seeds into the sugar mixture, then add the pod into the mixture too.

Bring the mixture to a boil over a medium heat, stirring until the sugar is dissolved. Simmer for one minute, then remove from the heat and stir in the orange juice.

To make the pistachio cream, grind the sugar and pistachios (or ground almonds) together in a food processor until you have a fine sand-like consistency. Add the butter and mix until combined, then add the eggs one at a time until combined and the mixture is creamy (if making almond cream, add the extract at this point and stir through).

Preheat oven to 180C (160C fan).  Line two to three baking sheets with grease-proof paper.

Slit the croissants in half horizontally, then dunk each half into the syrup and place the bottom halves onto your lined baking sheet.

Spread about 2 tbsp pistachio cream onto the bottom half of each croissant, then scatter a generous number of chocolate pieces over the cream.

Place the tops back onto the croissants and spread about 1 tbsp of the pistachio cream over each of the tops. Sprinkle the chopped pistachios on top.

Bake for 12-15 minutes, then transfer onto a cooling rack and dust generously with icing sugar.

Croissants Part I: Bourke Street Bakery croissants

I have mentioned previously on this blog that as a student I was fortunate enough to spend a year living in Nice, in the south of France.  I shared a cosy little flat there, just a stone’s throw from the beach, with an English girl who seemed (to me at least) to have French men falling at her feet.  Not that I can blame them, she was lovely, with the added bonus of having  legs that went on for miles and glossy blonde hair, both of which always seem to help when it comes to the male of the species.  I, on the other hand, was, well I think it would be fair to say that I was still trying to outgrow the shyness and awkwardness I had acquired during my teens!  So whilst my flatmate would happily mingle at sophisticated soirees, practising her French with grownups who oozed Gallic elegance and swooned over her English accent, I was far more at ease improving my grasp of the language with the help of the two babbling eight-year old French girls I babysat, whiling away the hours watching inane French children’s programmes with them.

One ritual that my flatmate and I did share together though was our Sunday afternoons.  There was a little artisan bakery at the end of our street (just as there’s an artisan bakery down the end of pretty much every street in France), so each Sunday, my flatmate would mosey on down to the bakery and choose two of some kind of delectable French patisserie or viennoiserie for us to feast on: macarons, millefeuilles, tarte aux pommes, pain au chocolat, palmiers, or whatever else had just emerged freshly-baked from the oven.

Whilst I hope I have outgrown the awkward, shy young girl that I was in France (although to my dismay I am still neither leggy nor blonde), I know I will never outgrow my love of French pastries, so recently I thought I would try to recreate the deliciously flaky, buttery croissants that are so readily available there, yet seem to be such a precious commodity here in England.  After extensive research, I settled on a recipe by the Bourke Street Bakery (ironically, they’re Australian); it had received great reviews from fellow bloggers and, for someone who’s never made croissants before, the recipe looked straightforward enough.

I can duly report back that the recipe is indeed straightforward and produces light, buttery, absolutely delicious croissants (I ate two in one sitting and would have eaten more had my waistline not spoilt the party).  BUT, I will just place this warning now to anyone who hasn’t made croissants before and is thinking about it: it’s a time-consuming process, so either make these when you have a lazy couple of days ahead, or clear your diary, because croissant-making is not conducive to being productive in any other aspect of your life!  (If baking over a weekend, I’ve given a rough guide for when you should carry out each step to have your croissants ready for Sunday brunch.)  It’s also an intense workout with all the kneading and rolling so be prepared for your arms to ache for days after (in my book this justifies being able to eat the croissants, plus just think of the biceps you will have – Madonna would be proud!)  Finally, if you’re anxious about the laminating process (rolling and folding the dough with the butter), there’s a great step-by-step photo guide on the fantastic blog, Butter Baking.

P.S. Croissants are always best eaten on the day they are made, but I find they still taste great reheated for five to 10 minutes in the oven the next day (at about 170C or 150C for a fan oven).  Alternatively, you could turn one day-old croissants into something different and uber-delicious by following my Croissants Part II recipe for Pain au chocolat aux pistaches (Twice-baked chocolate and pistachio croissants)!

Adapted from Bourke Street Bakery

Makes 20-24 large croissants

For the ferment (this is a small amount of dough that needs to be made first and will help your croissant dough develop and rise):

• 100g plain flour
• 55ml whole milk
• 5g (or 1 tsp) brown sugar
• A pinch of salt
• 5g fresh yeast (I bought mine from the bakery counter at Tesco.  Alternatively, use 1 tsp dried instant yeast)
• 20g unsalted butter, softened

For the croissant dough (chill everything in the fridge before you start making the dough, including the flour and sugar):

• 935g strong white flour
• 500ml whole milk
• 60g brown sugar
• 15g salt
• 35g fresh yeast (or 2 tsp dried instant yeast)
• Plus 500g unsalted butter, for laminating (the rolling and folding process for the dough)
• Optional 100-150g plain chocolate (40% cocoa), should you want some of your croissants with chocolate in them.

For the egg wash:

• 1 egg
• 80ml milk
• Pinch of salt

To make the ferment

It’s best to make this on day one of your croissant-making journey, so if baking over the weekend, make this early on Friday night (you need a couple of hours for it to chill before you can use it to make the actual croissant dough the same night).

Put all of the ingredients into a bowl and, using your hands, bring the ingredients together until they begin to form a dough ball.  Remove the ball from the bowl and knead it for 10 minutes on a clean surface, until you have a smooth, elastic dough.

You can make the ferment in your stand mixer using a dough hook, but I found there was too little of it for the hook to be able to reach and mix it properly, so I just used my hands. If using an electric mixer, put all the ingredients into your mixer bowl and process on a low speed for 3-5 minutes, until you have a smooth, elastic dough.

Once you have your elastic dough (using either method), shape it into a ball and leave at room temperature for 2 hours, then cover with clingfilm and  refrigerate (I refrigerated mine for two hours but it will keep for up to 3 days).

To make the croissant dough

I’d advise making the dough on day one, leaving it to rest in the fridge overnight, ready for the laminating process the next day.  So, like the ferment, you’d be making this on Friday night if baking over the weekend, but you can only start once your ferment has chilled in the fridge for a couple of hours.

If using an electric mixer, put the flour, milk, sugar, salt, yeast and your chilled ferment in the bowl of a mixer fitted with a dough hook (note, the butter for laminating should not be added here!) Process on a low speed for 3-4 minutes, then increase the speed to high and mix for a further 2 minutes.  If making by hand, bring the ingredients together in a bowl first and then knead by hand on a clean surface for 10-15 minutes, until you have a smooth, elastic dough.

Gather the dough into a ball, put it into a clean plastic bag and refrigerate for at least 2 hours, or preferably overnight.

Laminating the dough

Laminating and shaping the dough will take about five or so hours in total, including rest periods for the dough, so if going by my weekend baking guide, it should be done on Saturday morning or afternoon.

Remove dough from the fridge, together with the butter – both should be about the same temperature (cold but malleable).

Put the butter between two sheets of baking paper and use a rolling pin to gently pound the butter into a 20cm square about 1cm thick.

Using a lightly floured rolling pin, roll the dough out into a 20 x 40 cm rectangle.  Remove the butter from between the baking paper and place it in the centre of the dough, then fold the two sides of pastry over the top of the butter, pinching them together at the ends and all along the seams to ensure the butter is completely enclosed in the pastry.

Next, carefully roll the pastry out again, this time into a rectangle about 20 x 90 cm.  Fold one long end of the rectangle in by one third, then fold the other long end over the top (like folding a letter) so the dough is now 20 x 30 cm.  Put your dough back in its plastic bag, (or wrap it in clingfilm), place it on a tray and refrigerate for 20 minutes to allow the gluten to relax.  Repeat this rolling and folding process two more times, ensuring that before rolling the pastry for the second and third time, you rotate it by 90 degrees (so that the dough is rolled in a different direction to the previous fold), and that you rest the dough in the fridge again (in its plastic bag) for 20 minutes after each of the second and third ‘turns’ (folding and rolling).

Shaping the dough

Once the dough has had its third and final 20 minute rest in the fridge, roll it into a 25 x 100 cm rectangle.  This can take some effort as the dough will resist being rolled out, but persist, you’ll get there.  Use a light sprinkle of flour to patch up areas where there may be butter poking out while you roll.

Using a ruler, along the bottom long side of your rectangle, use a knife to make a small cut every 9cm.  Across the top long side of your rectangle, first make a small incision at 4.5cm and then at every 9cm after that, so that the top incisions are directly in the middle of the ones across the bottom.

Line your ruler up between the first bottom incision and the first top incision. Use a knife to cut along the line.  Then rule from that same top incision to the next bottom incision and cut along that line so that you have cut out triangle.  Continue all the way along the pastry with the remaining incisions.  You’ll end up with 18 neat triangles, plus two half triangles (I rolled these together into a square to make a rectangular pain au chocolat – waste not want not!)

Stack the triangles on a tray lined with baking paper, cover lightly with a clean tea towel and put in the fridge to rest for about 10 minutes.

Remove from the fridge and one triangle at a time, make a small incision at the mid-point of each triangle’s base.  Gently pull the two corners of pastry that are either side of your incision outwards and then start to roll the base up towards the tip of the triangle, stretching the tip out as you get closer to it.  Once the triangle is fully rolled, press the tip into the croissant to secure, and place the croissant, tip-side down, back onto the tray lined with baking paper. Repeat with remaining triangles, spacing them well apart on the tray.

If making chocolate croissants, place long thin strips of dark chocolate (as much as you like) on the base of the triangle, then fold the dough over to cover and continue rolling as per the plain croissants.

If you want to, you can now freeze the croissants.  Alternatively, if following my weekend guide, cover them with a clean tea towel and refrigerate overnight.

Baking

Before the croissants can be baked, they need to prove (or rise).  If they’ve been in the fridge overnight, remove them from the fridge (you’ll be into Sunday morning if following my weekend guide), replace the tea towel with a fresh, damp tea towel to cover the croissants and leave them in a warm place for 2 – 2.5 hours until they have more or less doubled in size (if you are proving straight away after rolling i.e. your croissants are not chilled, you will need only 1.5 – 2 hours for proving.  If proving croissants from frozen, prove for 2.5 - 3 hours).

Once the croissants are almost at the end of their proving time, preheat your oven on as high a temperature as it will go.

Make your egg wash by beating the egg, milk and salt together in a bowl.

At the end of the proving time, brush the croissants with the egg wash and place in the oven, reducing the temperature immediately to 190C (175C for a fan oven).

Bake for 15-17 minutes, until they are a beautiful golden colour, then remove from the oven and allow to cool slightly before eating.